Tag Archives: safety

The Great Fall Of China: A Wake-Up Call

Three years ago, I said not to be scared of China and that its blue chips were safe. I’ve now changed my mind. Increasingly I’ve come to see Chinese stocks as policy-driven at best, and completely speculative at worst. For those who still desire China exposure, I suggest four stocks with high-quality management and less exposure to the China madness. Three years ago I was living in Hong Kong and I wrote that more investors should consider Chinese “blue chips.” I believed in the China reform story. In some ways, I still do – but in the very long term. I wrote that, after some low-level scandals in the market, the bigger stocks — those dual- or triple-listed in China, Hong Kong and the US — were safe, thanks to the extensive requirements for financial reporting. But I have come to realize that Chinese stocks are driven by the speculative greed and fear of the Chinese retail punter, and the vast majority of those punters have no concept of fundamental analysis. In a country with a singularity of government, government policy (and worse, just rumors around government policy) drive price action in stocks. Insider trading is rampant. Even stocks in listed Hong Kong can be suspicious. Muddy Waters Research’s short on Superb Summit , and the Financial Times calling out Hanergy , which was later suspended from trading, are just two examples. The environment in Chinese markets these days reminds me of the US markets of the era of Robber Barons, where those big players in the know profited from the unsophisticated average investor. (For a great read on the era of the Robber Barons, pick up Fifty Years on Wall Street by Henry Clews, originally published in 1908, which explains how the Robber Barons like Jay Gould, Daniel Drew and Commodore Vanderbilt made their fortunes.) Now the Chinese government is going after some of these so-called manipulators, many of whom have come from large Chinese brokerage houses. What kind of a market is where apparently institutional investors are banned from selling shares? It is one of total madness. Also, with State-Owned Enterprises like many of those listed in my original article, unfortunately I’ve seen very slow progress. They are still run as tools for policy, not for shareholder returns. The recent actions by the Chinese government to try to prop up the stock market demonstrate that clearly. And with hundreds of stocks suspended, daily index closing prices in Shanghai are not a true indication of where the markets should really price. While diversification is important, Warren Buffett has always said to “stick to your knitting.” Investors wanting China exposure also need to have very long-term holding horizons — to let the very slow reforms taking place in China move into place. It means that even those Chinese stocks listed in the US are likely to prove very risky, given the level of diversification they may provide to your overall portfolio. Even with the best intentions, the average Chinese management team is largely at the mercy of Chinese policy. Even the ADRs of dual-listed stocks — thanks to the larger trading volumes in the China-listed shares – are driven by and suffering from the short-term, highly speculative (and, frankly, messed-up) nature of Chinese capital markets. So what’s the solution? Obviously, one can avoid China altogether and lose out on exposure to “The China Century,” as Jim Rogers puts it. The least demanding option is to buy China ETFs such as FXI (NYSEARCA: FXI ) or MCHI (NYSEARCA: MCHI ). A third option is to be extremely selective on individual stocks. Do your homework on management teams and avoid stocks listed in Mainland China in order to reduce the volatility related to the speculative behavior of Mainland investors. One stock I like in this regard is Baidu (NASDAQ: BIDU ). Morgan Stanley has a price target of $248 on the stock, and according to Jefferies , Baidu is over 50% cheaper than Google. But for me, more importantly, it’s about CEO Robin Li. He was educated and started his career in the US and he is highly visible in Western media. His personality has won my confidence. (See interviews with him here and here .) Obviously Baidu is a “new China” play, and some may argue that it’s already fairly priced, or that they prefer Google in terms of investing in search. Three other stocks I like are China-centric conglomerates with Western or Western-style management with extremely long track records of sensible management of their assets. They are Hong Kong-listed CK Hutchison Holdings ( OTCPK:CKHUY ) (the result of the restructuring of Hutchison Whampoa and Cheung Kong Holdings), run by Asia’s richest man, Sir Ka-Shing Li; Hong Kong-listed Swire Pacific ( OTCPK:SWRAY ), controlled by the British Swire family; and Singapore-listed Jardin Matheson ( OTCPK:JMHLY ), controlled by the British Keswick family. These three conglomerates give you exposure to both industrial and consumer operations globally, but with a bias towards China trade. Although they are in very much “old economy” areas, such as property, infrastructure, energy, automobiles, transportation and telecommunications, they are run by highly respected management teams and have very long histories of revenue growth and dividend payments. The recent falls in their stock prices provide good entry points for long-term holders. While these are not get-rich-quick stocks, they will offer reasonable, equity-like returns with the safety coming from sound operations and solid management teams. As mature cash cows, they benefit from China’s long-term evolution, but involve less risk than other, “more Chinese” stocks. I have lived in Hong Kong for 5 years, been to the mainland many times and followed the Chinese stock market for the last 12 years. Right now these are the only four “China stocks” on my radar, thanks to my unease with the development of Chinese capital markets. I would recommend buying CK Hutchison and Swire Pacific on the Hong Kong exchange, tickers 0001 and 0019 respectively, and Jardine Matheson on the Singapore exchange, ticker J36. That’s because the local exchanges offer far more liquidity, and hence cheaper trading costs, than OTC / pink sheets in the US. In a side note, for those interested in shareholder friendly reform in Asia, Japan is making a lot of progress in that area with recently implemented corporate governance and share owner governance rules starting to bear fruit. From a macro perspective, it would be no surprise to you to know I prefer Japanese stocks over Chinese stocks given a 20- or 3-year time frame. Editor’s Note: This article discusses one or more securities that do not trade on a major U.S. exchange. Please be aware of the risks associated with these stocks. Disclosure: I/we have no positions in any stocks mentioned, but may initiate a long position in BIDU over the next 72 hours. (More…) I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

Bargain Bin Stocks Part 1: Greece’s Public Power Corporation

Summary This series seeks to find extremely cheap stocks and determine whether they are deep value opportunities or deep value traps. Public Power Corporation is one of the cheapest stocks on the already depressed Athens Stock Exchange. If Greece can turn a corner, it could be a surprising winner, subject to major political risks. But how long until Greece turns a corner? Greece’s financial markets have had a rough ride but for those willing to put some capital on the line some very cheap equities are available. Here I’ll be looking at Public Power Corporation of Greece (OTC: PUPOF ) (ATHENS: PPC.AT) to see whether its deep value position is actually worth investing in. Background Public Power Corporation of Greece, hereafter referred to as PPC, is often talked about as Greece’s power monopoly. And there’s good reason for that. PPC supplied 97.9% of Greece’s electricity in 2014 and is vertically integrated owning mines, generation facilities, and transmission lines. Traditionally, a major utility company would be seen as one of the safest investments but PPC experienced troubles over the past few years since many customers lacked the ability to pay due to the economic depression in Greece. PPC is also majority state-owned although this could change as EU regulators push for greater privatization. Valuation Compared to the high valuations paid for the “safety” of U.S. utilities, PPC trades at an extremely low valuation.   2014 est. 2015 est. 2016 est. 2017 Price to Earnings 10.7x 3.9x 4.6x 4.2x These numbers equate to a roughly 25% forward earnings yield which is clearly pricing in a large amount of risk and skepticism. PPC also trades far below its end of 2014 book value of 26.4 euros per share giving a price to book value of 0.16x. While this may seem like a steal, it doesn’t mean much on its own since PPC is unlikely to break up to maximize asset values given that it’s a government controlled power company. Dividends For 2015, PPC paid an annual dividend of 0.05 euros per share for a yield of 1.2%. Even compared to the low yield U.S. markets, this is a small yield, especially for an utility. Although the dividend was a high as 0.90 euros per share in 2004, it was gradually reduced falling to only 0.10 euros per share prior to the financial crisis. Because of this dividend record, I do not see PPC as a near-term dividend play since there would have to be significant changes in capital allocation to produce a sizeable yield. However, if PPC were to show signs of dividend growth, I may be willing to reconsider this point. Catalysts to realize value Buying undervalued stocks is no good unless the market eventually realizes the value and drives up the stock price or dividend. Like many deep value stocks, PPC does have some potential catalysts but investors may need to be willing to wait. Privatization Reducing the government’s stake in PPC could help drive its value higher by lessening political risk and there are some powerful groups trying to push this forward. EU regulators have been pushing Greece to open up its electricity market for years yet PPC has remained a government monopoly. It turns out that powerful groups in Greece are also opposed to privatizing more of PPC. When the previous Greek government proposed selling off some of its PPC shares, workers protested by shutting off power to certain areas. To some extent, it’s easy to understand why these workers are protesting. Since the government reduced its PPC stake about a decade ago PPC worker wages have fallen about 60%. For its own part, SYRIZA has also opposed further privatizing PPC throwing up another roadblock. If PPC is further privatized, I see it as a long-term event and not a near term catalyst for value recognition. Economic recovery PPC shares also suffer from a low valuation caused by the clouds of uncertainty hanging over Greece in conjunction with the depressed economy. While Greece’s economy is actually starting to slowly grow again, an unemployment rate over 25% signals that a turnaround is far from complete. On top of that, the recent bailout package really did not solve Greece’s debt problem so issues relating to the sovereign debt are likely to continue cropping up. As long as these issues stick around, investors will be reluctant to take Greece out of the financial penalty box thus preventing PPC’s valuation from rising in the near-term. Public Power takeaway If you’re looking for a long-term recovery pick for Greece, PPC shares may be worth an investment, however, a lack of near-term catalysts reduces their appeal as a deep value turnaround investment. I will continue to follow the latest on PPC and may be willing to acquire shares if the dividend is significantly raised, major progress is made toward restructuring Greece’s debt, or privatization plans actually gain significant traction. Note: Trading in PUPOF is extremely illiquid and the best liquidity is found on the Athens Stock Exchange. For those without access to the Athens exchange, shares trade with reasonable volume on the Frankfurt exchange. Editor’s Note: This article discusses one or more securities that do not trade on a major U.S. exchange. Please be aware of the risks associated with these stocks. Disclosure: I/we have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours. (More…) I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article. Additional disclosure: The author does not guarantee the performance of any investments and potential investors should always do their own due diligence before making any investment decisions. Although the author believes that the information presented here is correct to the best of his knowledge, no warranties are made and potential investors should always conduct their own independent research before making any investment decisions. Investing carries risk of loss and is not suitable for all individuals.

5 Low-Risk ETFs To Protect Returns Amid Volatility

The global stock market has been on a wild ride over the past couple of weeks, with a wave of selling seen in recent sessions making matters worse. China played the role of the biggest culprit in roiling the market with the devaluation of its currency on August 11, and dovish Fed minutes last week did the rest of the damage. Worries about prolonged weakness in China accelerated on Friday on the country’s factory activity data, which contracted at the fastest pace in over six years in August. Additionally, Europe is struggling with slower growth, the Japanese economy has lost its momentum and many emerging economies are experiencing a slowdown despite rounds of monetary easing. Added to the woes is the slump in commodities, especially the resumption of the oil price slide, which is once again threatening global growth and deflationary pressure. Notably, U.S. crude has dropped to below $39 per barrel, its lowest price since the financial crisis six years ago. Such market gyrations have left investors nervous about the safety of their portfolios. However, the People’s Bank of China (PBOC), in a surprise move today, intervened to boost the sagging domestic economy. For the fifth time in nine months, it has cut its interest rates by 25 bps to 4.6%. The deposit rate has also been cut by 25 bps to 1.75%, while the reserve ratio has been slashed by 50 bps to 18%. Though the move has injected fresh optimism into the global markets, with most benchmarks in green, the gain seems a short-lived one. Most of the analysts believe that the country will continue to face a long period of uncertainty that would result in more volatility and hurt the global economy. Given the weak fundamentals, the outlook for stocks still appears cloudy, and the markets are expected to remain volatile in the coming days. As such, investors should consider low-volatility (risk) products in order to protect themselves from huge losses. Why Low Volatility? Low-volatility products generate impressive returns or often outperform in an uncertain or a crumbling market, while providing significant protection to one’s portfolio. This is because these funds include more stable stocks that have experienced the least price movement in their portfolio. Further, these funds contain stocks of defensive sectors, which usually have a higher distribution yield than the broader markets. Below, we have highlighted five low-volatility ETFs that investors should consider if the stock market continues to experience volatility. These funds appear safe in the current market turbulence and tend to reduce risk, while generating decent returns: iShares MSCI USA Minimum Volatility ETF (NYSEARCA: USMV ) This is the largest and most popular ETF in the low-volatility space, with AUM of $5.8 billion and average daily volume of 1.1 million shares. It offers exposure to 163 U.S. stocks having lower-volatility characteristics than the broader U.S. equity market by tracking the MSCI USA Minimum Volatility (USD) Index. The fund’s expense ratio came in at 0.15%. The fund is well spread across a number of components, with none holding more than 1.68% share. From a sector look, healthcare, financials, information technology, and consumer staples occupy the top positions, each with double-digit exposure. The ETF lost nearly 7% over the past 10 days. PowerShares S&P 500 Low Volatility Portfolio ETF (NYSEARCA: SPLV ) This ETF provides exposure to the stocks with the lowest realized volatility over the past 12 months. It tracks the S&P 500 Low Volatility Index, and holds 105 securities in its basket. Like USMV, the fund is widely spread across a number of securities, and none of these holds more than 1.25% of assets. However, the product is tilted toward financials at 35.1%, while consumer staples, industrials and healthcare round off the top five. SPLV has amassed $5 billion in its asset base and trades in heavy volume of around 1.3 million shares a day, on average. The fund charges 25 bps in annual fees and lost 7.6% in the past 10 days. iShares MSCI All Country World Minimum Volatility ETF (NYSEARCA: ACWV ) This fund tracks the MSCI All Country World Minimum Volatility Index. Though the ETF provides exposure to low-volatility stocks across the globe, the U.S. accounts for more than half of the asset base. Apart from this, Japan is the only country with a double-digit allocation. In total, the fund holds 359 stocks, with each accounting for no more than 1.41% of assets. Financials, healthcare, and consumer staples are the top three sectors, each with double-digit allocation. The product has a managed asset base of $2.2 billion, while it trades in good volume of more than 202,000 shares a day. It charges 20 bps in annual fees, and is down 8% in the same period. iShares MSCI EAFE Minimum Volatility ETF (NYSEARCA: EFAV ) This fund targets the low-volatility stocks of the developed equity markets, excluding the U.S. and Canada. It follows the MSCI EAFE Minimum Volatility (USD) Index, charging investors 20 bps in annual fees. Holding 206 securities, the fund is highly diversified, with none making for more than 1.66% share. However, it is slightly tilted toward financials at 21.1%, closely followed by healthcare (16.1), consumer staples (16.0%) and industrials (11.1%). In terms of country profile, Japan and United Kingdom take the top two spots at 28.7% and 22.6%, respectively, followed by Switzerland (11.2%). EFAV has AUM of $3 billion and trades in good volume of 372,000 shares a day, on average. The ETF was down about 9% over the past 10 days. iShares MSCI Emerging Markets Minimum Volatility ETF (NYSEARCA: EEMV ) For investors seeking exposure to the emerging markets, EEMV could be an intriguing pick. The fund follows the MSCI Emerging Markets Minimum Volatility Index and is one of the largest and popular ETFs in this space, with AUM of over $2.5 billion and average daily volume of around 441,000 shares. It charges 25 bps in annual fees and expenses. In total, the fund holds 258 stocks in its basket, with each accounting for less than 1.7% share. It provides exposure to a number of emerging countries, with China, Taiwan and South Korea as the top three holdings. However, the fund has a slight tilt toward financials with 28.5% share, while consumer staples, telecommunication services and information technology round off the next three spots. The fund shed 13.8% in the same period. Bottom Line Though these products have been on a downslide, the losses are much lower than those of the broader market funds. This is especially true given the losses of 9.8% for the U.S. fund (NYSEARCA: SPY ), 11.2% for the global fund (NASDAQ: ACWI ), 11.5% for the developed markets fund (NYSEARCA: EFA ) and 15.2% for the emerging markets fund (NYSEARCA: EEM ). As a result, investing in low-volatility ETFs seems a good strategy at present, given the China turmoil and global growth fears. Original Post