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VTI: A Good Low Cost U.S. Market ETF For Your Portfolio

Summary Investing can be as simple or as complex as you want to make it. Many investors should start with one well diversified global ETF with a low expense ratio. This article reviews VTI, an ETF that can be added to the core portion of most investors’ portfolios to increase exposure to U.S. market equities. With the strong recent performance of the U.S. market, investors should consider using dollar cost averaging if adding large new investments in U.S. equities to a portfolio. Simply Investing – Philosophy Keep investing simple, consistent, diversified and low cost and you will significantly increase your chance of success. One well diversified global ETF with a low expense ratio is all that is required for many people starting to invest in equities, and an ETF that meets these criteria is the Vanguard Total World Stock ETF (NYSEARCA: VT ). As an investor’s experience, time dedicated to investing activities and desired risk, increases, many investors add ETFs to the core of their portfolio to gain exposure to new areas or increase exposure to areas that the investor believes will outperform. The next step for many investors is to allocate a percentage of their portfolio to “edge” positions, which offer additional risk and opportunity. Vanguard Total Stock Market ETF (NYSEARCA: VTI ) This article reviews VTI, an ETF that can be added effectively to the core portion of most investors’ portfolios to increase exposure to U.S. market equities. VTI – Investment Synopsis VTI’s objective is to track the performance of the CRSP U.S. Total Market Index. VTI invests in large-cap, mid-cap and small-cap equity diversified across growth and value styles. VTI employs a passively managed, index-sampling strategy. VTI five year performance compared to the S&P 500 (click to enlarge) Source: Yahoo Finance (12/14/2015) As the chart above shows, VTI and the S&P 500 have tracked each other very closely over the last five years and both are up approximately 60% over that period. VTI -Equity Characteristics Source: Vanguard (as of 10/31/2015) As the table above indicates, VTI is very diversified, holding 3,797 stocks. The median market cap is very large at $52.1 billion. VTI’s current price/earnings ratio at 21.9 is high compared to historical levels and compared to foreign equities. VTI – Top 10 Holdings Source: Vanguard (as of 10/31/2015) VTI’s top ten holdings are very large, well known, companies and at 15.2% of total net assets, make up a fairly large proportion of the total holdings. VTI – Equity Sector Diversification Source: Vanguard (as of 10/31/2015) VTI’s largest stock holdings are in the financial sector, followed by technology, consumer services and health care. Expenses and dividend yield VTI’s expense ratio is 0.05%, this is well below the average expense ratio of similar funds. Given the relatively high price of the U.S. markets, it is likely that future returns, may be lower than those recently experienced. In this environment, it is important that the core of your portfolio is allocated to funds with low expense ratios like VTI. VTI’s forward looking dividend yield is 1.98% based on the last four quarters distributions. Other U.S. Market ETFs Source: Seeking Alpha (12/14/2015) Above is a list of the top 10 U.S. market ETFs, listed by assets under management (AUM). As indicated, VTI is the third largest U.S. equity fund as measured by assets under management. For those that want to do further research, additional detail on these ETFs is available on Seeking Alpha’s ETF Hub. Conclusion Your chance of long term investment success increases significantly by keeping your investing simple, consistent and well diversified. Most investors would benefit by building a core position in a well diversified global ETF with a low expense ratio like the Vanguard Total World Stock ETF. After establishing this core position, well diversified, low cost, U.S. market ETFs like VTI can increase your exposure to U.S. markets for those investors looking to do so. With the strong recent performance of the U.S. market, investors should consider using dollar cost averaging if adding large new investments to a portfolio.

TIPS ETFs Protect From Inflation Risk, Not Interest Rate Risk

With the Federal Reserve looking to start raising interest rates as soon as next month, investors may be looking for ways to protect their portfolio. While many may look at moving assets into more conservative assets like short term bonds and Treasuries, some will look to Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS). And that could be a mistake. TIPS work almost just like traditional bonds except that they are indexed to the current rate of inflation. For example, if a $1,000 bond is purchased at par value and the inflation rate is measured at 2%, at the end of the year the principal balance of that bond will be adjusted to $1,020. The higher the inflation rate, the higher the principal balance adjustment. But that’s where the protection ends. Outside of the inflation adjustment, TIPS behave just like any other bond. Shorter term TIPS are generally very conservative investments while longer term TIPS carry a greater degree of volatility. As is the case with any investment that comes with risk, the total value of the investment can potentially lose money over time. All 14 non-leveraged TIPS ETFs that have been around for the last three years have lost money during that time frame. The largest – the iShares TIPS Bond ETF (NYSEARCA: TIP ) – has lost 5.9% during that period. The second largest – the Vanguard Short-Term Inflation-Protected Securities ETF (NASDAQ: VTIP ) – has dropped a more modest 2.4%. As would be expected during a period where bond funds have dropped in value, those on the shorter end of the yield curve have fared the best. Those funds targeting a duration in the 3 year or under range have dropped around 3%. Funds with a slightly longer duration have dropped more with the FlexShares iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index ETF (NYSEARCA: TDTF ) down nearly 5%. ETFs with a long term duration or international TIPS exposure have fared the worst of the bunch. The PIMCO 15+ Year U.S. TIPS Index ETF (NYSEARCA: LTPZ ) has fallen more than 10% over the past three years while the iShares International Inflation-Linked Bond ETF (NYSEARCA: ITIP ) has lost over 16%. All of this is to say that TIPS funds and ETFs provide little protection from the effects of interest rate movements. In economic environments like the current one where inflation still remains below the Federal Reserve’s 2% target, TIPS products can underperform. The Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF (NYSEARCA: BND ) has gained almost 5% over the past three years. Inflation risk isn’t the same as interest rate risk. It’s important that investors know the difference.

Fossil Free ETFs Head To Head: ETHO Vs. SPYX

Pollution and global warming caused by fossil fuel has been on the rise lately. Global superpowers are leaving no stone unturned to restrict greenhouse emissions, protect the climate and go eco-friendly. President Obama has always been active in cleaning up carbon pollution. A proposed Environmental Protection Agency rule even seeks to reduce 30% carbon emission from power plants by 2030, compared to the levels in 2005. China announced its intent to build a pollution-free environment. And as part of this mission, the president of China and the U.S. president Barack Obama struck a deal to lessen carbon emissions (read: Fight Global Warming with These ETFs ). The agreement calls for carbon emission reductions by 26% to 28% in the U.S. by 2025. It also includes the first-ever commitment by China to stop emissions from growing by 2030. Not only from the social perspective, it has also been noticed that fossil fuels cast a dark shadow on economies and the associated stock markets. The latest theory is that this monster can ” cause job losses, recessions and even a tumbling stock market” according to economists. It is perhaps because of this grave concern that we received two fossil-fuel ETFs from issuers, namely, the Etho Climate Leadership U.S. ETF (NYSEARCA: ETHO ) and the SPDR S&P 500 Fossil Fuel Free ETF ( SPYX ) within just one month. Below we detail these two funds and highlight their key differences: ETHO in Focus This new ETF has a 398-stock portfolio having a carbon emissions profile that is 50-70% lower per dollar invested than a conventional broad-based benchmark. The index studies total greenhouse gas emissions from over 5,000 equities to choose ‘climate leaders’ in each industry. No stock accounts for more than 0.63% of the basket. Netflix (NASDAQ: NFLX ), M&T Bank Corp. (NYSE: MTB ) and Universal Display Corp. (NASDAQ: OLED ) are the top three holdings of the fund, which charges 75 bps in fees (read: How to Invest ‘Fossil-Free’ with This New ETF? ). Technology is the fund’s top priority with 23% exposure while industrial, consumer cyclical, financial and health care also have sizable weights. The fund puts 41% in mid-cap stocks while large caps rake in about 37% of the basket with the rest going to small-cap stocks. The fund has a tilt toward growth stocks with 57% exposure followed by 22% focus on blend and 21% in value stocks. SPYX in Focus The fund looks to tracks the S&P 500 Fossil Fuel Free Index which measures the performance of companies in the S&P 500 Index that do not own fossil fuel reserves. The 473-stock fund is heavy on Information Technology (22.37%). Financials, Health Care, Consumer Discretionary, Consumer Staples and Industrials have double-digit weight in the fund. No stock accounts for 3.92% of the portfolio. Apple takes the top position followed by Microsoft (2.60%) and General Electric (1.66%). The fund charges 20 bps in fees. Capitalization-wise, the fund puts about 90% in large caps. Here too, growth stocks take about 48% weight followed by value stocks (29%). ETHO SPYX Index The Etho Climate Leadership Index the S&P 500 Fossil Fuel Free Index Expense Ratio 0.75% 0.20% Company concentration risks Extremely low Relatively high Index composition Equal weighted Capitalization-weighted Capitalization Multi-Cap Large-cap Style Blend with a focus on growth (57%) Blend with a focus on growth (48%) Link to the original post on Zacks.com