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Apple’s Virtual Reality Absence Would Be Like ‘Missing The iPhone’

Loading the player… Top technology players are gathering at the Game Developers Conference this week to discuss new developments in virtual reality, but one big name is missing from what could be the next big thing: Apple ( AAPL ). Facebook ( FB ), Sony ( SNE ), Alphabet ( GOOGL )-owned Google, Amazon ( AMZN ) and Microsoft ( MSFT ) are racing to stake claims in a medium that looks to revolutionize consumer technology. Meanwhile, Apple is planning a March 21 spring product event where it’s expected to launch slightly different versions of existing products. “Apple needs to do something (in VR) at some point, because if they don’t . . . it would be as significant as them missing the iPhone, as hard as it is to believe,” Piper Jaffray analyst Gene Munster told IBD. “But that’s how big of a deal VR is going to be.” Billions of dollars of investments in hardware, software and content provide evidence that virtual reality isn’t a far-off dream, but the “next computing paradigm,” according to analysts. Yet for now, Apple is selling more of the same and remains dependent on the iPhone, as its smartwatch, tablet and set-top box have failed to be catalysts for major, sustained growth. Apple Prefers Waiting Apple typically takes it slow when it comes to entering new markets. Munster says the tech company learns from and improves on what other companies have produced but haven’t “figured out,” such as the music player, the phone and wearables. He thinks Apple is actually doing the right thing by letting the basics of the VR market get figured out first, and expects that the company will offer a consumer-level headset in about two years. He also sees more third parties creating headsets that utilize the iPhone, much like Samsung Gear VR, for lower-quality applications as soon as this year. But there’s a potential disadvantage for Apple in letting others be the first movers in the virtual reality market. “If one of the other competitors gets it right (has explosive growth), right out of the gate, then it’s playing catch-up and that’s a difficult position to be in,” Munster said. And not only is Apple absent from VR headsets, its high-end desktop computer can’t handle other companies’ 360-degree viewing gear, according to Palmer Luckey, founder of Facebook-owned Oculus. The Oculus Rift headset would have Mac OS support “if they ever release a good computer,” he told Shacknews . To be sure, the Cupertino, Calif.-based company has made investments in the augmented reality space over the past few years, with the acquisitions of Metaio and Flyby Media, and has hired VR talent. But Apple’s efforts to enter a new market seem focused more on developing a car, rather than something that’s in a more similar product category as its other gadgets. Facebook Leaves Opening Apple still has a window of opportunity as its rivals’ VR products require steep up-front costs from consumers. Oculus will begin shipments of the $599 Rift headset on March 28. The HTC Vive will launch in early April at $799. But consumers will also need to have gamer-level PCs, which can cost more than $1,000. That barrier to entry that may leave some breathing room for a late move from Apple. Abi Mandelbaum, CEO of interactive VR-content platform YouVisit, says that Oculus’ strategy is stifling VR’s ability to go mainstream to all consumers. “It’s surprising that Facebook would leave such a big segment of the market out from an initial standpoint,” Mandelbaum told IBD. “They’re not only excluding Apple, but most of the PCs that users own, leaving the vast majority out.” He says his company has been working on algorithms that improve lower-end VR viewing. This could further the use of iPhones for VR in the interim, before Apple comes out with its own headset. “You don’t need to have a high-end VR headset to have a premium VR experience, because the software is doing the heavy lifting,” Mandelbaum said. Apple’s Mixed Reality While its rivals rush into VR, Apple could skip it altogether and instead pursue mixed reality (MR). Munster says there’s a camp that believes VR is just the “appetizer” to a bigger opportunity with MR, which goes beyond entertainment applications to be integrated within daily life. Munster says home designs could incorporate virtual flowers and pictures, for example. And a display containing the weather forecast could be grabbed and manipulated. That would be more in Apple’s wheelhouse, as iPhone applications like the calendar, maps, and photos have become necessities. It could also decide the company’s fate. “Over the next 20 years, the screen as we know it will slowly go away,” Munster said in a Feb. 9 research report. “Given Apple’s business in screens (iPhones, iPads and Macs), Apple needs to have leadership in MR to stay relevant long term.”

Netflix Backing Could Pump Up Google Cloud Vs. Amazon.com AWS

Could video streamer Netflix ( NFLX ) give Alphabet ’s ( GOOGL ) Google a boost in its cloud computing war vs. Amazon Web Services? Morgan Stanley speculates that may the case when Netflix pops up at Google’s cloud computing user conference slated for March 23-24. While Netflix is a customer of AWS, part of e-commerce giant Amazon.com ( AMZN ), it also uses Google’s IaaS (infrastructure-as-a-service) platform. “Non-Google guest speakers at the conference include Snapchat, Spotify . . . and Netflix,” Brian Nowak, an analyst at Morgan Stanley, wrote in a research report.  “ Snapchat and Spotify are current Google Cloud users. While Netflix is a large AWS client, we believe Netflix uses Google Cloud for back-up storage. “Any endorsement and/or further Google Cloud adoption from Netflix would (help) Google Cloud establish its credibility as a competitor to AWS.” AWS is the biggest cloud services provider — where customers rent computer servers and data storage systems via the Internet — followed by Microsoft ( MSFT ) and Google. Goldman Sachs recently speculated that Google could announce price cuts at the user conference, where the new boss of Google’s cloud business, Diane Greene, will make her debut. Greene is the founder and former CEO of VMware ( VMW ), whose virtualization software is a staple in cloud data centers. One question for Alphabet shareholders, says Nowak, is whether Google’s capital spending on cloud infrastructure — data centers packed with servers and communications gear — will increase. “We expect (industry) cloud-related data center spending to grow 18% in 2016, up from 15% in 2015, and Google is a key driver, contributing one-fifth of the acceleration,” Nowak wrote. Image provided by Shutterstock .

‘Walled Gardens’ Of Facebook, Google Hold Keys To Targeted Ads

Is the person who viewed those leather boots on a laptop the same shopper who browsed the pricey footwear from a desktop but ended up buying the product using a tablet? That tricky question is behind the rise of cross-device tracking tools, and it’s the reason why popular “walled-garden” sites like Facebook ( FB ) are gaining in the digital ad game. In the past, cookies were the universal bread crumbs of the Internet, helping advertisers find out which websites a particular user favored. Cookies are tiny text files that let websites recognize users — usually by their IP (Internet protocol) address — when they return to a website, thus learning their preferences. With this data, companies can serve targeted ads — ads that they believe are most likely to lead to a sale. With the transition of Web users to mobile devices and apps, cookies aren’t as effective, and advertisers are looking for new ways to identify users and learn their preferences. “When you understand who a user or person is, you can provide them with more relevant advertising or more personalized information if you are a publisher. That identity is potentially helpful to improve the experience,” Greg Sterling, vice president of strategy and insights at the Local Search Association trade group, told IBD. Determining which exact ad prompted a shopper to buy, a process called attribution, “is the holy grail of advertising right now. It’s what everybody needs to understand,” Anna Bager, senior vice president and general manager of mobile and video at the Interactive Advertising Bureau trade group, told IBD. Learning more about cross-device attribution is high on the must-do list for many ad pros this year, marketing firm Rocket Fuel said in a research report last month. A Rocket Fuel survey found that ad professionals also intend to learn more about data management platforms in 2016. DMPs help businesses get a panoramic view of their customers by collecting marketing information from a variety of channels, such as websites, emails and mobile ads. But first, advertisers want to be certain of just who those shoppers are. “The technology and the different methods to identify people across devices in the aggregate have become more sophisticated,” said Sterling, who calls Facebook the leader in multichannel identification. “You have to sign in to use Facebook, so they will know if you’re on a desktop computer, a laptop or a mobile device,” Sterling said. “They can provide whatever experience they want to provide because they know who you are, and there’s persistent identity there.” But Sterling says that the shift from using just one device to seeking content from a hodgepodge of desktops, laptops, tablets and smartphones has created “blind spots (where) people are not revealed to a Website publisher or a marketer. Somebody may sign in on one site and then go on to use the site on a mobile device and not sign in.” This trend is putting cross-device technology into the spotlight, as digital advertising, including mobile advertising, continues to boom. One trend is programmatic ad buying, where software determines ad buying and placement. It works best with ads targeted to user preferences, no matter the device used. Ad Firm Criteo Predicts User Behavior Market research firm eMarketer estimates that programmatic digital display ad spending in the U.S., which reached $15.43 billion last year, will rise to $21.55 billion this year and $26.78 billion in 2017. Paris-based ad tech firm Criteo ( CRTO ) says its cross-device advertising tools work anywhere online, including on the mobile Web and inside apps. While cookies are a common standard used to identify and follow users in a browsing environment, that information can be “captured through other mechanisms when you are in applications,” Criteo CFO Benoit Fouilland told IBD. “Our technology focuses on predicting the behavior of the user based on shopping intent information. That’s an area where we are developing pretty unique capabilities. “There are not many players in the industry able to develop cross-device capabilities. We are one of those few companies and we are investing significantly in this area of what we call ‘universal matching.’ ”   Top social networks Facebook and Twitter ( TWTR ) are expected to emerge as big winners in 2016, as digital display-ad spending, which includes mobile ads, overtakes search-ad spending in the U.S. for the first time, according to separate reports this year from Cowen and eMarketer.  Google owner Alphabet ( GOOGL ) is seen as another winner, with its browser and slew of email, search and other services that have users logging in with their Google passwords. Facebook remains a dominant pick of the ad buyers surveyed, Cowen’s report said, followed by Twitter, LinkedIn ( LNKD ), Facebook-owned Instagram and privately held social sites Pinterest and Snapchat. EMarketer predicts that 2016 will be pivotal for Facebook; it’s the first year in which more than half of the U.S. population is expected to use the social network. Facebook will capture 73% of social network ad spending in the U.S., or $9.9 billion, this year, eMarketer said last month. Twitter will be a distant No. 2, getting 14% of social network ad dollars, or $1.9 billion. The research firm also says that nearly 53% of U.S. mobile phone users will log onto Facebook at least once a month this year. Google is expected to remain No. 1 in 2016, with a 33.3% share of mobile ad revenue globally, eMarketer said in a report in March. It says that No. 2 Facebook’s share will reach 17.7% this year. User Tracker Methods: Deterministic And Probabilistic To learn user identities across devices, measurement companies rely on two methods — “deterministic” and “probabilistic.” Deterministic matching is at the core of the formidable cross-device matching success of Facebook, Google, Amazon.com ( AMZN ), eBay ( EBAY ), Twitter and other so-called Walled Garden sites, eMarketer analyst Lauren Fisher said in an online seminar in January. Walled Gardens are websites and apps that require passwords for entry and have a treasure trove of information about users, making it easier to match consumers across multiple devices. So, in a nutshell, trackers can pretty much determine who a user is. In being able to identify users, Walled Gardens are “not 100% percent, but press close,” Fisher said in the seminar. “Think about it — even now retailers are making a practice of requesting email addresses when you check out in a store. “If I have Facebook on my tablet, on my phone, on my laptop at home and on my work computer, then Facebook knows all those devices belong to me because I’m logged in and they’re using that login to tie everything together.” Fisher says eMarketer believes “advertisers are going to continue to flock to the Walled Gardens throughout 2016.” While nearly foolproof, the shielded deterministic method used to match, measure and target customers can’t be used on Web properties outside of the Walled Gardens. That’s where probabilistic identity matching comes in. Companies using the probabilistic method analyze wider, non-proprietary digital tip-offs that people leave behind online when they have not used a sign-in. Such data could include which Web browser version a person uses, their physical location and their go-to content sites through use of cookies and such technology. With these methods, tracking is a more of a probable than a determined fact. “When companies start to collect that information and analyze it over time, they can begin to say with a certain amount of probability that a particular device belongs to a specific individual,” Fisher explained. Some Web publishers rely on both the deterministic and probabilistic methods to cross-check and boost their device matching accuracy, Fisher said. “The bottom line,” said Fisher, “is there’s no right or wrong approach.”